The Kangar of De administrando imperio and the Hungarian-Bashkir Controversy

Abstract

There are in the work De administrando imperio of the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus (913–959), composed between 948 and 952, two interesting pieces of information about the people called Kangar (Κάγγαρ). It should be known that the Pechenegs are also called Kangar, though not all of them, but only the folk of the three provinces of Iabdierti and Kouartzitzour and Chabouxingyla, for they are more valiant and noble than the rest; for that is what the appellation Kangar means.