Comparative Efficacy Analysis of Biomaterials and Soft Lasers in Repair of Bone Defects

Abstract

Purpose: The efficacy of soft laser application in the treatment of experimentally created bone defects in rat mandibles filled with biocomposite BCP/PLGA (bicalcium phosphate/polylactide–co-glycolide) was analyzed. Materials and Methods: BCP/PLGA biomaterial was implanted in artificially made defects of rat mandibles. Sixty animals were divided into three separate groups. Group A served as the control. In group B1, the implantation site was submitted to GaAlAs laser irradiation, and in group B2 to HeNe laser irradiation for 5 consecutive days. Two, 6 and 8 weeks after completed laser therapy, the animals were killed, specimens taken and routinely processed, and analyzed histologically and morphometrically. Morphometrical analysis consisted of measuring area, area fraction, integral density, mean density, and density variation of bone tissue. Results: After 2 and 6 weeks, significantly higher values of these parameters were obtained in groups submitted to laser irradiation. Conclusions: The results of this study showed a biostimulative effect of soft laser therapy on BCP/PLGA biomaterial osseointegration and increased bone repair with early bone healing.