Метода посматрања са учествовањем: пример Социјалног центра Рог, Љубљана
Participant-Observation Method: аn еxample of Social Center Rog in Ljubljana
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Идеал антрополошке методе – потпуна емпатија,
уживљавање у начин живота и мишљење неке туђе
културе, захтев да је субјективно доживимо изнутра као да
је објективно гледамо споља, недостижан је, јер ако се
оствари, постаје некомуникабилан. Истраживач се затвара
у идиолект, приватни језик нове културе. Знакови постају
симболи и, самим тим, неразумљиви онима који не
припадају проучаваној култури. Дескрипције постају имена,
и самим тим партикуларне и непреводиве. Међутим,
друштвеним конвенцијама се превазилази проблем
ексцентричности кроз остављање могућности да ствари
остану недоречене, имплицитне и симболичке, а тиме се и
отварају врата наредним интерпретацијама, новим
виђењима света.
This paper discusses several related problems
regarding anthropological fieldwork, from the perspective
of linguistic anthropology. An example of Social Center
Rog in Ljubljana serves to indicate several problems in
contextualization of a fieldwork, especially so a method
of participant-observation and a problem of transferring
knowledge acquired at a fieldwork to those not familiar
with the given fieldwork (including scientific and general
audiences). This transfer is marked as being totally non-scientific and within
literature is labeled under several appellations, for instance, “ethnographer’s magic”
after Malinowski, or “intuition” after Sperber (who by the way argues that
anthropological data could not be perceived but only intuitively grasp). The
“ethnographer’s magic” could reduce a gap between what a researcher has learned
and what he/she is able to transfer further on, but in this process, a lot of learned
become lost. Therefore, the basic problem is data communi...cability. A way to
overcome the problem is to reduce descriptions to a common denominator, that is,
by diverging context (given that a data has a meaning to the members of the studied
community) into a sign which new context will be something that makes sense to
the recipients of such message (that is, to the members of a researcher’s
community). A procedure to achieve this is determined by social conventions that
define scientific methods, and also by a subject itself, which could be given
jurisdiction for “translation” of a context into sign, i.e., a researcher.
Keywords:
метода посматрања са учествовањем / интерпретација / комуникабилност / participant-observation method / interpretation / communicabilitySource:
Теренска истраживања - поетика сусрета / Fieldwork - Poetics of Encounters, 2012, 205-212Publisher:
- Београд : Етнографски институт САНУ / Belgrade : Institute of Ethnography SASA
Projects:
Note:
- Зборник радова Етнографског института САНУ 27 / Collection of Papers of the Institute of Ethnography SASA 27