Аспекти посматрања и идентификације губитника и добитника транзиције у друштву Србије

Abstract

Основу овог рада чини идеја да се кроз конкретне примере представе начини посматрања и оцењивања губитника и добитника транзиције у друштву Србије. У том смислу рад је наставак текста објављеног у претходном броју Гласника Етнографског института САНУ и уклапа се у теоријске оквире који су том приликом изнети. Као главни показатељ разноврсности аспеката посматрања губитника и добитника узети су коментари посетилаца одговарајућих Интернет страница на вести које извештавају о друштвеним проблемима и појавама током процеса постсоцијалистичке трансформације, а које су директно повезане са феноменом губитништва или добитништва у транзицији, као што су незапосленост, сиромаштво, криминал, (не)успех, богатство, моћ.

This paper presents ways to assess and evaluate losers and winners in the Serbian transitional society, through several concrete examples. Therefore, the paper is a follow-up of the manuscript published in the previous Bulletin of Institute of ethnography, and fits into the theoretical framework already stated. The main indicator of a variety of assessment regarding losers and winners is found among comments made by visitors of relevant Internet web sites, referring to news about societal problems and issues during the process of post-socialist transformation. These are directly linked with a phenomenon of losing or winning in transition, such as unemployment, poverty, criminal, success, failure, wealth, and power. Hence, news from two internet sites "Blic" и "B92" served as a source, while their visitors ‘commentaries to the particular news served in the analysis. Specific news was used to define a particular problem or issue, and the commentaries were seen as reactions to the news. The commentaries contain readers’ attitudes, assessment of particular issues and discourses overview. These comments were chosen based on whether they refer directly to the problem of losing/winning in transition, and on their diversity regarding assessment of the problem itself. At the same time, posted texts on the mentioned sites were not unbiased, and they can also serve to identify losers and winners of transition. Defining a category of losers or winners in transition is a complex issue of various interpretations and constructions, making thus a discrepancy in attributed meanings among the members of Serbian society. Controversy and contradictions in expressed attitudes about losers and winners, as well as understanding of these categories, could be explained by various aspects and outlooks held. In brief, an existing particular social heteroglossia, assumes many different readings and attitudes regarding the categories, caused by various factors. The analysis shows several dominant, different but mutually connected aspects in assessing and evaluating losers and winners of transition.