Ка могућој класификацији страних речи с најучесталијим префиксима грчког и латинског порекла

Abstract

High degree of abstraction of loan-words, originated from their nominal meanings accompanied by the absence of different semantic components, is grounds for their not being embeded in general lexical found of the recipient language. Greek and Latin prefixes are compatible almost only with Greek and Latin lexical basis. Transfer or the word-formations products from the donator language (in which polysemy of such products took place in complete) into the recipient language resulted in exchange of complex polysemantic structure for more general and more abstractsemantic monoreference. The consequence offormer implies: word-formationproducts with a Greek or Latin prefix could refer only to one general meaning, because of its impossibility to develop the polysemy in the recipientlanguage. General meaning to which the prefix refers is taken “ the criterion for the classification of the most productive Greek and Latin loan-words. These general meanings are: I negative and reversative/privative, II qualificative, II (а) qualificative numeral/quantitative; II (b) qualificative refering to natural elements, matter of living beings; III (a) relational-locative, III (b) relational-temporal; IV numeral. Reference to two or more general meanings couldtakeplace inside lexical-semantic system of donator language, but also inside the recipient language. However, the polysemy of derivatives, based on metaphoric, metonymic or synecdochic shift, was developed according to the rules of polysemy of the donator language, and, eventually, as the completed polysemantic process istransmitted into recipient language. In order to state prediction of the directed or non-directed productivity of each prefix, it is exposed in the paper on what type of the lexical base prefix refers. According tosemantic criterion, four parameters are set forthelexical base: humanus (human), animans (animate), inanimus (inanimate) and abstractum (abstract).

У раду се обрађују грцизми и латинизми састављени од префикса или префиксоида и творбене основе. Класификација се заснива на општем значењу првог дела речи.