О критеријумима за семантичко нормирање речи
On Criteria for Semantic Standardization in the Lexicon
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Some basic guidelines are tentatively offered for distinguishing the proper
meaning of a word from unacceptable of nonstandard ones. The usage of “good
suthors”, as documented in large monolingual dictionaries, should take precedence
over all other criteria. In judging neologisms and semantic shifts, polysemy should
be recognized as a normal linguistic phenomenon. To guard against excessive and
unwarranted changes, however, other criteria must be added: a new meaning is
not acceptable if it causes ambiguity or misunderstanding, if it is due to confusion
between two or more similar lexemes, if it clashes with established terminological
usage, if the word thus used belongs to certain registers such as the bureaucratic
or officiales, etc. For words of foreign origin a sort of multilingual norm should
also be considered in an international Latinism, for exemple, a meaning wich has
developed solely in Serbian is likely to be les legitimate than the meanings which
are paralleled ...in other European languages.
Насупрот ненаучном и емпиријском расуђивању какво је деценијама владало на овом пољу, рад настоји да пружи смернице за раздвајање правилног
од погрешног значења појединих израза. При том основно мерило треба да буде
узус добрих писаца посведочен у лексикографској грађи, чему се додају и други
специфичнији критеријуми, посебно за речи страног порекла.
Keywords:
семантичко нормирање / погрешно значење речи и израза / речи страног порекла / језик добрих писаца / описни речници / semantic standardization / unacceptable meaning of words and expressions / words of foreign origin / language of good authors / descriptive dictionariesSource:
Наш језик, 1998, 32, 3-4, 134-147Publisher:
- Београд : Иститут за српски језик САНУ