Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans
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Besides its usage with the primary meanings: 1) social status; 2) subjectship, the term re‘āyā was used to denote, as many historians tend to claim, “only non-Muslim subjects” from “sometime” in the second half of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century. The paper demonstrates that this meaning of the term re‘āyā had already been in use since the first decades of the eighteenth century, and not to the exclusion of but along with other meanings. More frequent replacement of the neutral shari‘a term zimmī(ler) and the usual official term kefere with the word re‘āyā should be considered a consequence of structural social change taking place in the same century.
Keywords:
Ottoman Empire / Balkans / re‘āyā / non-Muslims / eighteenth centurySource:
Balcanica, 2017, XLVIII, 55-66Publisher:
- Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
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http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/Article.aspx?id=0350-76531748055Fhttps://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/5292
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Балканолошки институт САНУ / Institute for Balkan Studies SASATY - JOUR AU - Fotić, Aleksandar PY - 2017 UR - http://www.doiserbia.nb.rs/Article.aspx?id=0350-76531748055F UR - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/5292 AB - Besides its usage with the primary meanings: 1) social status; 2) subjectship, the term re‘āyā was used to denote, as many historians tend to claim, “only non-Muslim subjects” from “sometime” in the second half of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century. The paper demonstrates that this meaning of the term re‘āyā had already been in use since the first decades of the eighteenth century, and not to the exclusion of but along with other meanings. More frequent replacement of the neutral shari‘a term zimmī(ler) and the usual official term kefere with the word re‘āyā should be considered a consequence of structural social change taking place in the same century. PB - Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts T2 - Balcanica T1 - Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans SP - 55 EP - 66 IS - XLVIII UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_5292 ER -
@article{ author = "Fotić, Aleksandar", year = "2017", abstract = "Besides its usage with the primary meanings: 1) social status; 2) subjectship, the term re‘āyā was used to denote, as many historians tend to claim, “only non-Muslim subjects” from “sometime” in the second half of the eighteenth and in the nineteenth century. The paper demonstrates that this meaning of the term re‘āyā had already been in use since the first decades of the eighteenth century, and not to the exclusion of but along with other meanings. More frequent replacement of the neutral shari‘a term zimmī(ler) and the usual official term kefere with the word re‘āyā should be considered a consequence of structural social change taking place in the same century.", publisher = "Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts", journal = "Balcanica", title = "Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans", pages = "55-66", number = "XLVIII", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_5292" }
Fotić, A.. (2017). Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans. in Balcanica Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(XLVIII), 55-66. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_5292
Fotić A. Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans. in Balcanica. 2017;(XLVIII):55-66. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_5292 .
Fotić, Aleksandar, "Tracing the Origin of a New Meaning of the Term re‘āyā in the Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Balkans" in Balcanica, no. XLVIII (2017):55-66, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_5292 .