Заменице неко и нешто (лексичкосемантичке и граматичке карактеристике)

Abstract

Using the lexicographical material from the Dictionary of Serbo-Croat Literary and Vernacular Language of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts this paper presents the lexical semantic and grammatical features of indefinite nominal pronouns neko ‘someone’ and nešto ‘something’, identifies the role of the prefix ne- ‘some-’ in the realization of their meanings and functions and outlines the phenomenon of lexical negation in the domain of pronominal words. It is established that the prefix ne- in the pronoun neko significantly reduces the semantic potential and grammatical functions compared to the pronoun ko in its base, while in the pronoun nešto it greatly affects the change in semantic potential and grammatical functions in relation to the pronoun što in its base. It is shown that in the case of the pronoun nešto the prefix ne- in the domain of lexical negation brings changes in pronominal meanings and functions and in the realization of non-pronominal meanings: adverbial and particle-related, and causes the deprivation of the pronoun što of its conjunctive function. It is proposed that the status of lexemes in non-pronominal functions, adverbial and particle-related, of the pronoun nešto be defined as the status of conversives, and in accordance with that, that the adverb nešto and particle nešto be lexicographically presented in separate dictionary entries with appropriate grammatical markers.

У раду су на лексикографском материјалу из Речника САНУ представљене лексичкосемантичке и граматичке карактеристике неодређених именичких заменица неко и нешто са становишта лексичке негације и улоге префиксa не- у реализацији њихових значења и функција.