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Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period

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Weaver, Eric Beckett
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Abstract
The status and image of minorities often depends not on their self-perceptions, but on the official stance taken by the state in which they live. While identity is commonly recognized as malleable and personal, the official status of minorities is couched in stiff scientific language claiming to be authoritative. But as polities change, these supposedly scientific categorizations of minorities also change. Based on academic reports and parliamentary decisions, in Hungary today the Catholic South Slavs known as Bunjevci are officially regarded as an obscure branch of the Croatian nation. This has not always been the case. Early records of the Bunjevci categorized them in a variety of ways, most commonly as Catholic Serbs, Dalmatians, and Illyrians. In the nineteenth century Bunjevac elites were able to project to the Hungarian public a mythological positive historical image of the Bunjevci, delineating them from the negative stereotypes of other South Slavs. This positive image, fixed i...n encyclopaedias and maintained until the Second World War, represented the Bunjevci as Catholic Serbs who (unlike Croats or Orthodox Serbs) were constantly faithful to the Hungarian state and eager to assimilate. In the 1920s and 1930s traditional Hungarian stereotypes of Bunjevci protected them from abuses suffered by other South Slavs. As political relations transformed, official views of the Bunjevci also changed. With the massive upheaval during and after the Second World War, there was a change in accounts of who the Bunjevci were. The transformation from communism and the break-up of Yugoslavia have also evoked demands for changes in identity from some Bunjevci, and brought new impositions of identity upon them.

Keywords:
Bunjevci / Croats / Serbs / South Slavs in Hungary / minorities / encyclopedic knowledge / imagery / ethnic categorization / imposition of identity / stereotyping / interwar period
Source:
Balcanica, 2011, XLII, 77-115
Publisher:
  • Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts

DOI: 10.2298/BALC1142077W

ISSN: 0350-7653

[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325
URI
https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/4325
Collections
  • Balcanica - Annual of the Institute for Balkan Studies
Institution/Community
Балканолошки институт САНУ / Institute for Balkan Studies SASA
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Weaver, Eric Beckett
PY  - 2011
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/4325
AB  - The status and image of minorities often depends not on their self-perceptions, but on the official stance taken by the state in which they live. While identity is commonly recognized as malleable and personal, the official status of minorities is couched in stiff scientific language claiming to be authoritative. But as polities change, these supposedly scientific categorizations of minorities also change. Based on academic reports and parliamentary decisions, in Hungary today the Catholic South Slavs known as Bunjevci are officially regarded as an obscure branch of the Croatian nation. This has not always been the case. Early records of the Bunjevci categorized them in a variety of ways, most commonly as Catholic Serbs, Dalmatians, and Illyrians. In the nineteenth century Bunjevac elites were able to project to the Hungarian public a mythological positive historical image of the Bunjevci, delineating them from the negative stereotypes of other South Slavs. This positive image, fixed in encyclopaedias and maintained until the Second World War, represented the Bunjevci as Catholic Serbs who (unlike Croats or Orthodox Serbs) were constantly faithful to the Hungarian state and eager to assimilate. In the 1920s and 1930s traditional Hungarian stereotypes of Bunjevci protected them from abuses suffered by other South Slavs. As political relations transformed, official views of the Bunjevci also changed. With the massive upheaval during and after the Second World War, there was a change in accounts of who the Bunjevci were. The transformation from communism and the break-up of Yugoslavia have also evoked demands for changes in identity from some Bunjevci, and brought new impositions of identity upon them.
PB  - Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
T2  - Balcanica
T1  - Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period
SP  - 77
EP  - 115
IS  - XLII
DO  - 10.2298/BALC1142077W
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Weaver, Eric Beckett",
year = "2011",
abstract = "The status and image of minorities often depends not on their self-perceptions, but on the official stance taken by the state in which they live. While identity is commonly recognized as malleable and personal, the official status of minorities is couched in stiff scientific language claiming to be authoritative. But as polities change, these supposedly scientific categorizations of minorities also change. Based on academic reports and parliamentary decisions, in Hungary today the Catholic South Slavs known as Bunjevci are officially regarded as an obscure branch of the Croatian nation. This has not always been the case. Early records of the Bunjevci categorized them in a variety of ways, most commonly as Catholic Serbs, Dalmatians, and Illyrians. In the nineteenth century Bunjevac elites were able to project to the Hungarian public a mythological positive historical image of the Bunjevci, delineating them from the negative stereotypes of other South Slavs. This positive image, fixed in encyclopaedias and maintained until the Second World War, represented the Bunjevci as Catholic Serbs who (unlike Croats or Orthodox Serbs) were constantly faithful to the Hungarian state and eager to assimilate. In the 1920s and 1930s traditional Hungarian stereotypes of Bunjevci protected them from abuses suffered by other South Slavs. As political relations transformed, official views of the Bunjevci also changed. With the massive upheaval during and after the Second World War, there was a change in accounts of who the Bunjevci were. The transformation from communism and the break-up of Yugoslavia have also evoked demands for changes in identity from some Bunjevci, and brought new impositions of identity upon them.",
publisher = "Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts",
journal = "Balcanica",
title = "Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period",
pages = "77-115",
number = "XLII",
doi = "10.2298/BALC1142077W",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325"
}
Weaver, E. B.. (2011). Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period. in Balcanica
Belgrade : Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.(XLII), 77-115.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BALC1142077W
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325
Weaver EB. Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period. in Balcanica. 2011;(XLII):77-115.
doi:10.2298/BALC1142077W
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325 .
Weaver, Eric Beckett, "Hungarian Views of the Bunjevci in Habsburg Times and the Inter-war Period" in Balcanica, no. XLII (2011):77-115,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BALC1142077W .,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4325 .

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