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Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor

Молитве pro remedio animae у Котору XIV века

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0350-76530535273Z.pdf (425.0Kb)
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Живковић, Валентина
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Abstract
With the growing belief in the reality of purgatory in medieval times, the hope was also rising of the salvation of the souls dwelling in that abode. By the fourteenth century the concept of purgatory had already been developed, and prayers, services and charitable acts came to be regarded as the most efficient aid to the souls of the dead. The hopes that people coping with the imminence of death placed in the effectiveness of prayers and masses pro remedio animae, and the belief in the existence of purgatory will be discussed by using the example of Kotor in the first half of the fourteenth century, on the basis of wall-paintings and wills. In the first decades of the fourteenth century the souls of the dead were depicted in the scene of the General Resurrection included in the Crucifixion painted in the apse of the Collegiata of St Mary at Kotor. In the context of eucharistic and soteriological symbolism of the iconographic programme of the apse, the motif of the General Resurrection... - the souls of the dead depicted as babies that, wrapped in swaddling clothes, emerge from their sarcophagi explicitly expresses the idea of supplication. But the people's concern with the effectiveness of prayers for the deliverance of souls from purgatory is fully confirmed by the surviving wills dating to the 1320s and 1330s. Every citizen of Kotor could order in his will that masses, commemoration services and prayers for the salvation of his soul and the souls of his ancestors should be offered. The number and solemnity of the masses and prayers depended on the amount of money a person was able to set aside for that purpose. The imminence of death, timens mori, made people think of repentance. Still, the conventional formulae of testamentary provisions for pias causas reveal a genuine fear that death may catch them unprepared, i.e. with no charitable acts, with no repentance and, especially, with no insurance that their souls will be delivered from purgatory through masses and prayers.

Nadanja ljudi suočenih sa blizinom smrti u delotvornost molitvi i misa za spas duša iz čistilišta razmatrani su na primeru Kotora u prvoj polovini XIV veka. Povod za analizu jeste motiv Opšteg vaskrsa u programu apsidalne slikane dekoracije u crkvi Svete Marije Koleđate u Kotoru. Uvid u načine i intezitet ispoljavanja ideje pro remedio animae stiče se analizom delova koji se odnose adpias causas, iz sačuvanih testamenata treće i četvrte decenije XIV veka.
Source:
Balcanica, 2004, 35, 273-284

DOI: 10.2298/BALC0535273Z

ISSN: 0350-7653

[ Google Scholar ]
Handle
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203
URI
https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/4203
Collections
  • BI SANU - Opšta kolekcija / General collection
  • Balcanica - Annual of the Institute for Balkan Studies
Institution/Community
Балканолошки институт САНУ / Institute for Balkan Studies SASA
TY  - JOUR
AU  - Живковић, Валентина
PY  - 2004
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/4203
AB  - With the growing belief in the reality of purgatory in medieval times, the hope was also rising of the salvation of the souls dwelling in that abode. By the fourteenth century the concept of purgatory had already been developed, and prayers, services and charitable acts came to be regarded as the most efficient aid to the souls of the dead. The hopes that people coping with the imminence of death placed in the effectiveness of prayers and masses pro remedio animae, and the belief in the existence of purgatory will be discussed by using the example of Kotor in the first half of the fourteenth century, on the basis of wall-paintings and wills. In the first decades of the fourteenth century the souls of the dead were depicted in the scene of the General Resurrection included in the Crucifixion painted in the apse of the Collegiata of St Mary at Kotor. In the context of eucharistic and soteriological symbolism of the iconographic programme of the apse, the motif of the General Resurrection - the souls of the dead depicted as babies that, wrapped in swaddling clothes, emerge from their sarcophagi explicitly expresses the idea of supplication. But the people's concern with the effectiveness of prayers for the deliverance of souls from purgatory is fully confirmed by the surviving wills dating to the 1320s and 1330s. Every citizen of Kotor could order in his will that masses, commemoration services and prayers for the salvation of his soul and the souls of his ancestors should be offered. The number and solemnity of the masses and prayers depended on the amount of money a person was able to set aside for that purpose. The imminence of death, timens mori, made people think of repentance. Still, the conventional formulae of testamentary provisions for pias causas reveal a genuine fear that death may catch them unprepared, i.e. with no charitable acts, with no repentance and, especially, with no insurance that their souls will be delivered from purgatory through masses and prayers.
AB  - Nadanja ljudi suočenih sa blizinom smrti u delotvornost molitvi i misa za spas duša iz čistilišta razmatrani su na primeru Kotora u prvoj polovini XIV veka. Povod za analizu jeste motiv Opšteg vaskrsa u programu apsidalne slikane dekoracije u crkvi Svete Marije Koleđate u Kotoru. Uvid u načine i intezitet ispoljavanja ideje pro remedio animae stiče se analizom delova koji se odnose adpias causas, iz sačuvanih testamenata treće i četvrte decenije XIV veka.
T2  - Balcanica
T1  - Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor
T1  - Молитве pro remedio animae у Котору XIV века
SP  - 273
EP  - 284
IS  - 35
DO  - 10.2298/BALC0535273Z
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203
ER  - 
@article{
author = "Живковић, Валентина",
year = "2004",
abstract = "With the growing belief in the reality of purgatory in medieval times, the hope was also rising of the salvation of the souls dwelling in that abode. By the fourteenth century the concept of purgatory had already been developed, and prayers, services and charitable acts came to be regarded as the most efficient aid to the souls of the dead. The hopes that people coping with the imminence of death placed in the effectiveness of prayers and masses pro remedio animae, and the belief in the existence of purgatory will be discussed by using the example of Kotor in the first half of the fourteenth century, on the basis of wall-paintings and wills. In the first decades of the fourteenth century the souls of the dead were depicted in the scene of the General Resurrection included in the Crucifixion painted in the apse of the Collegiata of St Mary at Kotor. In the context of eucharistic and soteriological symbolism of the iconographic programme of the apse, the motif of the General Resurrection - the souls of the dead depicted as babies that, wrapped in swaddling clothes, emerge from their sarcophagi explicitly expresses the idea of supplication. But the people's concern with the effectiveness of prayers for the deliverance of souls from purgatory is fully confirmed by the surviving wills dating to the 1320s and 1330s. Every citizen of Kotor could order in his will that masses, commemoration services and prayers for the salvation of his soul and the souls of his ancestors should be offered. The number and solemnity of the masses and prayers depended on the amount of money a person was able to set aside for that purpose. The imminence of death, timens mori, made people think of repentance. Still, the conventional formulae of testamentary provisions for pias causas reveal a genuine fear that death may catch them unprepared, i.e. with no charitable acts, with no repentance and, especially, with no insurance that their souls will be delivered from purgatory through masses and prayers., Nadanja ljudi suočenih sa blizinom smrti u delotvornost molitvi i misa za spas duša iz čistilišta razmatrani su na primeru Kotora u prvoj polovini XIV veka. Povod za analizu jeste motiv Opšteg vaskrsa u programu apsidalne slikane dekoracije u crkvi Svete Marije Koleđate u Kotoru. Uvid u načine i intezitet ispoljavanja ideje pro remedio animae stiče se analizom delova koji se odnose adpias causas, iz sačuvanih testamenata treće i četvrte decenije XIV veka.",
journal = "Balcanica",
title = "Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor, Молитве pro remedio animae у Котору XIV века",
pages = "273-284",
number = "35",
doi = "10.2298/BALC0535273Z",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203"
}
Живковић, В.. (2004). Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor. in Balcanica(35), 273-284.
https://doi.org/10.2298/BALC0535273Z
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203
Живковић В. Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor. in Balcanica. 2004;(35):273-284.
doi:10.2298/BALC0535273Z
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203 .
Живковић, Валентина, "Prayers pro remedio animae at 14th-century Kotor" in Balcanica, no. 35 (2004):273-284,
https://doi.org/10.2298/BALC0535273Z .,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_4203 .

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