Idioms containing the lexeme obraz

Abstract

The present paper addresses a group of idioms such as imati (ili nemati) obraza, pogaziti obraz, osvjetlati obraz and others, which refer to moral reactions and values of shame, honor, righteousness, etc. The question being discus sed in relation to these idioms is why they contain the lexeme obraz 'cheek', which, when used on its own, has a secondary (extended) sense of 'honor', 'righteousness'. As a result of a meticulous analysis the author concludes that those senses stem from the fact that one who commits something shameful usually blushes in his / her cheeks, which makes a cheek a mirror of such feelings of morality. The extended sense of the lexeme obraz developed in such a manner, which in turn conveyed to the idioms containing that lexeme.

Leksema obraz ima posebno mesto i značenje u frazeologiji srpskog jezika Frazemi kao što su nemati obraza, pogaziti obraz, baciti obraz pod noge udariti kome na obraz i, suprotno tome, imati obraza, čuvati obraz, osvetlati obraz, ostati čista obraza i mnogi dr. slični njima specifični su i po načinu nastanka, i po strukturi, i po značenjima, koja upućuju na moralne vrednosti i reakcije, kao što su čast, poštenje, stid, sram i sl. U ovom radu analizira se ta skupina frazema, pri čemu se posebna pažnja posvećuje njihovom nastanku i semantičkim vezama sa imenicom obraz, koja je glavni i neizostavni deo tih frazema.