Bezekvivalentna leksika i frazeološke jedinice u Novom tursko-srpskom rečniku (Yeni Türkçe-Sırpça Sözlük) : leksikološki i leksikografski izazovi

Abstract

U radu se predstavljaju leksikološki i leksikografski problemi u vezi sa obradom i načinom predstavljanja bezekvivalentne leksike i frazeoloških jedinica zastupljenih u Novom tursko-srpskom rečniku (Yeni Türkçe-Sırpça Sözlük). U slučajevima kada za leksičke jedinice turskoga jezika ne postoji ekvivalent u srpskom jeziku reč je o bezekvivalentnim leksemama, koje su vezane za kulturu izvorišnog, turskog jezika, a pripadaju različitim leksičko-semantičkim grupama reči. Takođe, bezekvivalentnost je odlika i kulturnospecifičnih frazeoloških jedinica kod kojih nije moguće uvek pronaći odgovarajući pandan u strukturno-komponentnom smislu, ali su prikazani donekle semantički i strukturno podudarni primeri (npr. derdini Marko Paşa’ya anlat, žali se ti Svetom Petru).

This paper focuses on the lexicological and lexicographical issues of non-equivalent lexis and phraseological units in the New Turkish-Serbian Dictionary [Yeni Türkçe-Sırpça Sözlük]. The task of the bilingual lexicographer is to find lexical equivalents in the target language to the lexical units of the source language. A lexical equivalent is a lexical unit of the target language that has an equal lexical meaning and equal status in the lexical system as the corresponding lexical unit in the source language. Examples of complete equivalence are fairly rare and can be found, for example, in words that are monosemantic in both languages. When there are no equivalents in Serbian to a lexical unit of Turkish, it is a matter of non-equivalent lexis. Most often, non-equivalent lexis can be found among lexical-semantical word groups describing the following concepts: dishes, clothing items, musical instruments, customs, plants, animals, etc. The paper also analyses the category of non-equivalence of phraseological units in this bilingual dictionary and the causes of non-equivalence, as well as the ways in which this phenomenon is represented lexicographically in the dictionary.