Поетички ставови српских средњовековних писаца

Abstract

Contrary to Western medieval body of thought on literature, in reference to which a number of normative poetics emerged as of the 11th century, in the Eastern, Byzantine tradition there were no handbooks or normative theoretical deliberations on poetic creation whatsoever. Nevertheless, there were implicit genre patterns and rules to which eastern authors stuck to. Byzantine tradition found its place in Slavic and then in Serbian literature, which was a reflection of a uniform understanding of art throughout the entire Slavia Orthodoxa. The paper looks into the poetic standpoints that can be found in the works authored by Saint Sava, Teodosije Hilandarac, Danilo II (or Danilo of Peć) and Constantine the Philosopher (or Constantine of Kostenets). The rare, primarily implicit poetic views expressed by these Serbian writers, primarily reflected the necessity to articulate poetic language. In Saint Sava’s case, it is about his quest for as more concise artistic expression as possible, whereas when it comes to other authors mentioned in the paper, it is about the necessity to define the genre speech and genre structure (Danilo II, Constantine of Kostenets). More explicitly expressed viewpoints, such as those found in the works authored by Teodosije Hilandarac, sought to grasp the essence and function of literary creation. Nevertheless, all of them – both the implicit and the explicit – spoke unequivocally about the authors’ self-awareness, as well as about their attachment to a broader poetic heritage of the European Middle Ages, i.e. the tradition of almost entire pre-modern European body of thought around the function and role of literature.

Поетика старе српске књижевности у суштини је имплицитна поетика која се ишчитава из самих уметничких дела. У изворном нашем стваралаштву могу се, ипак, наћи и поетички искази у којима поједини писци излажу своја размишљања о функцији уметничког дела и законитостима песничког стварања. У раду ће бити речи о поетичким ставовима Светог Саве, Теодосија Хиландарца, Данила II, Константина Филозофа (Костенечког).