@article{
author = "Rašić, Miloš and Antonijević, Dragana",
year = "2023-07",
abstract = "U fokusu ovog rada su pripadnici treće i četvrte generacija potomaka
srpskih radnih migranata koji žive u Beču. Ova imigrantska zajednica nastala je doseljavanjem
srpskih radnih imigranata, tzv. gastarbajtera, koji su od kraja Drugog svetskog
rata odlazili na privremeni rad u Austriju. Upravo njihovi (pra)unici i (pra)unuke čine
treću i četvrtu generaciju. Namera nam je da kroz rezultate sprovedenog istraživanja
tokom 2020. godine pokažemo prisutne oblike identifikacije pripadnika treće i četvrte
generacije potomaka srpskih radnih migranata. Na taj način preispitaćemo koncept
integracije, koji je u svojoj osnovi zapravo esencijalistički i nacionalan, te ukazati na
procese integracije i transnacionalnih veza naše ciljne grupe. Zbog vanrednog stanja
izazvanog pandemijom korona virusa, istraživanje je sprovedeno anketno i online uz
pomoć Google upitnika, dok je uzorkovanje bilo neprobabilističko i eksponencijalno
nediskriminativno., This paper focuses on the integration of the third and fourth generations of
descendants of Serbian migrant workers residing in Vienna, Austria. This immigrant
community emerged as a result of the influx of Serbian guest workers who
have been moving to Austria for temporary employment since the end of World
War II. The third and fourth generations consist of their (great) grandchildren.
The objective of this study is to examine the current state of their integration,
based on the findings of research undertaken in 2020. Somehow paradoxically,
we explore the following research question: to what extent are the third and
fourth generation descendants of migrants, who were born and raised in Austria,
integrated into the socio-cultural and political system of Austria, given that they
are still perceived as ‘persons of migrant origin’?
In this study, we re-evaluate the concept of integration, which tends to essentialise
national identity, and emphasise the dynamic nature of the integration
process and the transnational connections of our target group. Due to the
COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting state of emergency, the research was
conducted online using Google surveys. We employed non-probabilistic and
exponentially non-discriminatory sampling, utilising the ‘snowball’ sampling
approach. A total of 73 individuals participated in the survey, which comprised 12 sections with 70 open and closed questions. Of the participants, 43.8% were
men, 50.68% women, and 5.47% did not declare their gender.
We adopted four criteria under which to analyse the integration processes
based on the collected data and the responses of our respondents: cultural,
structural, social, and emotional. The cultural factor refers to the acquisition
of knowledge and skills, such as language proficiency and understanding of
social norms. Structural integration involves the positioning and participation
of migrants in key aspects of the host society, particularly the job market. Social
integration encompasses interactions and connections with the local community
and other groups, including marriage, friendships, and interactions beyond
one’s own ethnic group. Lastly, emotional integration relates to elements of
identification, a sense of belonging, and the various ways in which immigrants
maintain connections with their own cultural group.
We view integration as a dynamic and interactive phenomenon influenced
by three parties: the country of origin (Serbia), the immigrants themselves, and
their descendants. Thus, we investigate all three factors, while frequently highlighting
intergenerational disparities in the integration process. In addition to the
concept of integration, we incorporate contemporary interpretations of transnationality
in this study, demonstrating that even members of the third and fourth
generations of Serbian labour migrants maintain strong cultural ties and utilise
cultural elements from both their ancestors’ country of origin (Serbia) and the
country in which they were born and raised (Austria). Ultimately, we conclude
that they are equally integrated into both the Serbian immigrant population in
Austria and the society of their origin country, while maintaining significant
transnational and emotional connections with Serbia., Cet article se concentre sur les représentants de la troisième et de la quatrième
génération des descendants des travailleurs temporaires serbes qui vivent
à Vienne. Cette communauté immigrée à Vienne s’est formée du fait de l’arrivée
des travailleurs temporaires serbes, appelés gasterbeiters, qui depuis la fin de la
Deuxième Guerre mondiale partaient travailler temporairement en Autriche. Ce
sont justement leurs (arrière) petits-fils et (arrière) petites-filles qui représentent
la troisième et la quatrième génération. Notre intention est de montrer, à travers
les résultats d’une recherche menée au cours de 2020, les formes d’identification
présentes chez les représentants de la troisième et de la quatrième génération des descendants des travailleurs temporaires serbes à Vienne. De cette manière, nous
allons réexaminer le concept de l’intégration, qui est en réalité dans son fondement
essentialiste et national, puis rendre compte du processus d’intégration et
des relations transnationales établies par notre groupe cible. En raison de l’état
d’urgence provoqué par la pandémie de covid, la recherche a été menée par un
sondage en ligne, à l’aide d’un questionnaire Google, alors que l’échantillonnage
a été non probabiliste et exponentiellement non discriminatoire.",
publisher = "Beograd : Univerzitet u Beogradu, Filozofski fakultet - Odeljenje za etnologiju i antropologiju",
journal = "Etnoantropološki problemi / Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology",
title = "Aspekti integracije treće i četvrte generacije potomaka srpskih radnih migranata u Beču, Aspects of the Integration of Third and Fourth Generations of Serbian Migrant Workers in Vienna, Aspects de l’intégration de la troisième et de la quatrième génération des descendants des travailleurs temporaires serbes à Vienne",
pages = "401-439",
volume = "18",
number = "2",
doi = "10.21301/eap.v18i2.4",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14898"
}
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