TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Feng, Lun
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Mirković, Miljana
AU  - Kosanović, Darko
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/14877
AB  - Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.
PB  - Elsevier BV
T2  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
T1  - Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC
SP  - 7306
EP  - 7313
VL  - 43
DO  - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14877
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Feng, Lun and Filipović, Suzana and Mirković, Miljana and Kosanović, Darko and Rogan, Jelena and Fahrenholtz, William G.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
journal = "Journal of the European Ceramic Society",
title = "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC",
pages = "7306-7313",
volume = "43",
doi = "10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14877"
}

Obradović, N., Feng, L., Filipović, S., Mirković, M., Kosanović, D., Rogan, J.,& Fahrenholtz, W. G.. (2023). Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Elsevier BV., 43, 7306-7313.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14877

Obradović N, Feng L, Filipović S, Mirković M, Kosanović D, Rogan J, Fahrenholtz WG. Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2023;43:7306-7313.
doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14877 .

Obradović, Nina, Feng, Lun, Filipović, Suzana, Mirković, Miljana, Kosanović, Darko, Rogan, Jelena, Fahrenholtz, William G., "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC" in Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 43 (2023):7306-7313,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007 .,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14877 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Feng, Lun
AU  - Mirković, M.
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/16181
AB  - Mixtures of ZrO2 and C were prepared by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 minutes in air atmosphere. As milling time increased, surface area of powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 minutes. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 microns for powder milled for 15 minutes. Based on densification data and impurities level, milling time of
15 minutes appears to give the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurities level.
PB  - American Ceramic Society
C3  - Abstract Book / 47th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 22–27, 2023, Daytona Beach, Florida
T1  - Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC
SP  - ICACC-S18-025-2023
SP  - 117
EP  - 118
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_16181
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Filipović, Suzana and Feng, Lun and Mirković, M. and Fahrenholtz, William G.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Mixtures of ZrO2 and C were prepared by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 minutes in air atmosphere. As milling time increased, surface area of powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 minutes. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 microns for powder milled for 15 minutes. Based on densification data and impurities level, milling time of
15 minutes appears to give the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurities level.",
publisher = "American Ceramic Society",
journal = "Abstract Book / 47th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 22–27, 2023, Daytona Beach, Florida",
title = "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC",
pages = "ICACC-S18-025-2023-117-118",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_16181"
}

Obradović, N., Filipović, S., Feng, L., Mirković, M.,& Fahrenholtz, W. G.. (2023). Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Abstract Book / 47th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 22–27, 2023, Daytona Beach, Florida
American Ceramic Society., ICACC-S18-025-2023-118.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_16181

Obradović N, Filipović S, Feng L, Mirković M, Fahrenholtz WG. Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Abstract Book / 47th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 22–27, 2023, Daytona Beach, Florida. 2023;:ICACC-S18-025-2023-118.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_16181 .

Obradović, Nina, Filipović, Suzana, Feng, Lun, Mirković, M., Fahrenholtz, William G., "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC" in Abstract Book / 47th International Conference & Exposition on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, January 22–27, 2023, Daytona Beach, Florida (2023):ICACC-S18-025-2023-118,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_16181 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Feng, Lun
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Mirković, Miljana
AU  - Kosanović, Darko
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/14890
AB  - Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.
PB  - Elsevier BV
T2  - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
T1  - Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC
SP  - 7306
EP  - 7313
DO  - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14890
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Feng, Lun and Filipović, Suzana and Mirković, Miljana and Kosanović, Darko and Rogan, Jelena and Fahrenholtz, William G.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Zirconium carbide ceramics were prepared by carbothermal reduction of ZrO2 and C that were mixed by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 min in air. As milling time increased, the surface area of the powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Milled powders were reacted at 1600 °C and then densified by spark plasma sintering at 2000 °C, which was sufficient to convert the starting powders to zirconium carbide. Unmilled powders did not reach full density. Milled powders reached full density, but ZrO2 impurities were found for specimens prepared from powders milled for 60 and 120 min. Microstructure analysis showed that grain size was less than 2 µm for ceramics produced from powder milled for 15 min. Based on densification onset temperature and impurity levels, a milling time of 15 min gives the best balance of particle size reduction to promote densification while minimizing impurity levels.",
publisher = "Elsevier BV",
journal = "Journal of the European Ceramic Society",
title = "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC",
pages = "7306-7313",
doi = "10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14890"
}

Obradović, N., Feng, L., Filipović, S., Mirković, M., Kosanović, D., Rogan, J.,& Fahrenholtz, W. G.. (2023). Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society
Elsevier BV., 7306-7313.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14890

Obradović N, Feng L, Filipović S, Mirković M, Kosanović D, Rogan J, Fahrenholtz WG. Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC. in Journal of the European Ceramic Society. 2023;:7306-7313.
doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14890 .

Obradović, Nina, Feng, Lun, Filipović, Suzana, Mirković, Miljana, Kosanović, Darko, Rogan, Jelena, Fahrenholtz, William G., "Effect of mechanical activation on carbothermal synthesis and densification of ZrC" in Journal of the European Ceramic Society (2023):7306-7313,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.08.007 .,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14890 .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Obradović, Nina
AU  - Feng, Lun
AU  - Filipović, Suzana
AU  - Mirković, M.
AU  - Kosanović, Darko
AU  - Živojinović, Jelena
AU  - Rogan, Jelena
AU  - Fahrenholtz, William G.
PY  - 2023
UR  - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/15008
AB  - Mechanical activation represents a very useful technique for powder processing prior to sintering process. First of all, it makes powders homogenized, leads to attrition of powder particles, and makes powder mixtures more reactive. Secondly, it can lead to mechano-chemical reaction, and finally, lowering of sintering time and temperature. Mixtures of ZrO2 and C were mechanically activated by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 minutes in air atmosphere. Mechanically activated powder mixtures were characterized by various techniques, such as particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and diffraction scanning calorimetry along with thermo gravimetry (DSC-TGA). As milling time increased, surface area of powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Mechanical activation for 15 minutes provides the best balance between particle size reduction and reactivity for the powders.
PB  - Belgrade : University of Belgrade - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
C3  - Programme and The Book of Abstracts / International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies - CNN TECH 2023, 04 – 07 July 2023, Zlatibor, Serbia
T1  - Characterization of mechanically activated ZrO2-C powder mixtures
SP  - 78
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15008
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Obradović, Nina and Feng, Lun and Filipović, Suzana and Mirković, M. and Kosanović, Darko and Živojinović, Jelena and Rogan, Jelena and Fahrenholtz, William G.",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Mechanical activation represents a very useful technique for powder processing prior to sintering process. First of all, it makes powders homogenized, leads to attrition of powder particles, and makes powder mixtures more reactive. Secondly, it can lead to mechano-chemical reaction, and finally, lowering of sintering time and temperature. Mixtures of ZrO2 and C were mechanically activated by high-energy ball milling. Powders were milled for times from 0 to 120 minutes in air atmosphere. Mechanically activated powder mixtures were characterized by various techniques, such as particle size analysis (PSA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and diffraction scanning calorimetry along with thermo gravimetry (DSC-TGA). As milling time increased, surface area of powders increased, indicating significant particle size reduction. Mechanical activation for 15 minutes provides the best balance between particle size reduction and reactivity for the powders.",
publisher = "Belgrade : University of Belgrade - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering",
journal = "Programme and The Book of Abstracts / International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies - CNN TECH 2023, 04 – 07 July 2023, Zlatibor, Serbia",
title = "Characterization of mechanically activated ZrO2-C powder mixtures",
pages = "78",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15008"
}

Obradović, N., Feng, L., Filipović, S., Mirković, M., Kosanović, D., Živojinović, J., Rogan, J.,& Fahrenholtz, W. G.. (2023). Characterization of mechanically activated ZrO2-C powder mixtures. in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies - CNN TECH 2023, 04 – 07 July 2023, Zlatibor, Serbia
Belgrade : University of Belgrade - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering., 78.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15008

Obradović N, Feng L, Filipović S, Mirković M, Kosanović D, Živojinović J, Rogan J, Fahrenholtz WG. Characterization of mechanically activated ZrO2-C powder mixtures. in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies - CNN TECH 2023, 04 – 07 July 2023, Zlatibor, Serbia. 2023;:78.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15008 .

Obradović, Nina, Feng, Lun, Filipović, Suzana, Mirković, M., Kosanović, Darko, Živojinović, Jelena, Rogan, Jelena, Fahrenholtz, William G., "Characterization of mechanically activated ZrO2-C powder mixtures" in Programme and The Book of Abstracts / International Conference of Experimental and Numerical Investigations and New Technologies - CNN TECH 2023, 04 – 07 July 2023, Zlatibor, Serbia (2023):78,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15008 .