@article{
author = "Савић-Грујић, Ана",
year = "2022",
abstract = "У раду су с лексичко-семантичког становишта представљени алтернативни називи којима је у говорима призренско-тимочке дијалекатске области снаха именовала мужевљеву сестру. Лексичка грађа ексцерпирана је из дијалекатских речника и допуњена подацима прикупљеним за први том Српског дијалектолошког атласа. Подстицај за бављење овом темом произашао је из чињенице да је у речницима поред више различитих фонетских ликова лексеме заова забележен и велики број алтернативних (најчешће метафоричких) назива заснованих на колективној експресији језичке заједнице. Забележене номинационе јединице описане су на основу семантичких података који су потврђени у речницима, те сагледане у оквиру семантичких група које је установила М. Бјелетић (1996а: 97), а ми их модификовали у складу с нашом грађом: именовања која означавају друштвени статус (статус у породици, престижна занимања, титуле), именовања која означавају позитивне људске особине (физичке и психичке), именовања настала према називима различитих реалија, именовања настала према називима биљака, именовања настала према називима животиња. Истраживањем је потврђена првобитна претпоставка да су оваква алтернативна именовања најчешће одражавала емотивни став новодоведене младе према мужевљевој сестри, а неретко су имала и профилактичку сврху. Циљ овог рада јесте да се кроз лесичко-семантичку анализу укаже на културне специфичности (веровања, ритуали, симболи и сл.) уткане у семантичке садржаје датих именовања, као и на специфичан однос говорних представника према једном сегменту њиховог окружења., The paper presents alternative terms used to address a husband’s sister, other than the term snaha, in the speech of the Prizren-Timok dialect area, from a lexical-semantic point of view. The material for analysis was taken from dialect dictionaries and expanded to include data compiled for the first volume of the Serbian Dialectical Atlas. The motivation for analyzing this topic stemmed from the fact that dictionaries contain several different phonetic images of the lexeme zaova or sister-in-law along with quite a few alternative (usually metaphorical) names based on the collective expression of the linguistic community. The recorded nomination units were described based on the semantic data confirmed in the dictionaries, and therefore viewed as part of the semantic groups established by M. Bjeletić (1996: 97), which we then modified in accordance with our material: nominations which denote social status (status within the family, prestigious occupations, titles), nominations which denote positive human features (physical and psychological), nominations which occur based on the names originating from various realia, nominations which originated from the names of plants, nominations which originated from the names of animals.
The aim of this paper was to use a lexical-semantic analysis to determine the cultural specificities (beliefs, rituals, symbols, etc.) interwoven into the semantic content of the given nominations, as well as the specific relationships of the speech representatives towards a certain segment of their environment.
The detailed study resulted in numerous conclusions. In traditional culture a snaha or daughter-in-law would never address her zaova or sister-in-law by her first name, and so these nominations represented an alternative form of address. Almost all the recorded names are hypocorisms, which denote the subjective attitude of the bride towards her sister-in-law, and an emotional familiar relation. A daughter-in-law addresses a sister-in-law in such a manner in order to point out her positive qualities, but also to establish good mutual relations. These names reflect the moral and esthetic norms of patriarchal society and are usually consciously selected in accordance with the character or any other features of the person they are intended for. However, even though these nominations usually reflect the emotional attitude of the newly-arrived bride, it was not infrequent for them to be imposed: – Kakvo ime mi reču, takvo ime im dadem (Ćirić, 2018: 1058) (in English: Whichever name they give me, that is how I call them). They often had a prophylactic purpose, and were given so that the addressed individual could be protected from the effects of evil forces. One of the important criteria for the selection of an alternative name is age. A great many names were meant for a younger sister-in-law: golubica, granjica, jabalčica, lutka, ćitica... More evidence of the applied criteria for selecting a name is provided by a conclusion included in illustrative material “na ubavo ime da je” (Zlatković I 2014: 128) (in English: let it be a nice-sounding name). The broader, culturologically colored context is invoked by the negative relationship between a daughter-in-law and a sister-in-law: – Neće ti, ćerko, bude lьko, imaš ti deveri i zьlve (Zlatanović 1998: 127) (in English: You will not have an easy time of it daughter, you have both brothers- and sisters-in-law).
Even though in the past there were more favorable social circumstances for the spontaneous continuation of these nominations, today a conscious effort is required in order for them to be preserved. Dialect dictionaries as the most precious treasure troves of bygone times nurture words that come to us from far into the past, and with them the meanings and knowledge which are today either completely unknown, or only known to a very small number of speakers. These nominations are a reflection of the past and are no longer a part of the lexicon of either the older or younger dialect speakers.",
publisher = "Ниш : Филозофски факултет Универзитета",
journal = "Језик, књижевност, алтернативе",
title = "Семантичка анализа лексема са значењем заова у говорима призренско-тимочке дијалекатске области, A semantic analysis of lexemes with the meaning “sister-in-law” in the speech of the prizren-timok dialect area",
pages = "245-258",
doi = "10.2298/GEI2201179S",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_15581"
}
