Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776)
Codex Imperatoris Stephani Dušan
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By releasing the fifth book in the series The Code of Emperor Dušan, we have completed the publishing of all twenty-six known manuscript copies of Emperor Dušan’s Code.
The manuscript containing a Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative
compendium of a later recension is held by the Library of the Romanian Academy of Sciences in Bucharest, Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books, Collection of Romanian
Manuscripts (Biblioteca Academiei Române, Cabinetul de manuscrise – Carte rară, Fondul
românesc) № 3093. It became accessible to scholars after the Library of the Romanian Academy had purchased it from Liviu Tempea, on 24 October 1905. The manuscript, containing
157 pages, was written out by a scribe in cursive Cyrillic, in brown ink. This is a compendium of various compositions: it contains, among other things, legal texts, philosophical
treatises, a romance about Alexander the Great, etc. According to a scribe’s note, we learn
that the copying of the book was ...completed on 10 October 1776. However, it is not known
whether the composition of the miscellany was defined at that time, or the book was merely
copied from an earlier prototype. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether the scribe was
at the same time the translator of the Serbian texts included in the manuscript or the copy
relies on a draft made by someone else immediately before copying, or in an earlier period.
Judging by the content of temporally unrelated notes in the margins of the manuscript,
it seems that it was used in the territory of the Orthodox Diocese of Timisoara, which was
part of the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci (Karlowitz) and had a relatively dense Romanian-speaking population. Moreover, it is highly probable that it originated in this very
area, under Mojsije Putnik, Bishop of Timisoara (1774–1781). The fact that the text of the
later recension of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium was copied in the territory of
the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci in the 18th century, evidenced by as many as ten
preserved Serbian manuscript copies, indicates that the Metropolitans of Sremski Karlovci,
as well as the bishops of dioceses with a predominantly Romanian population, sought to
make this historical and legal compendium available to Romanians as well. In the circle of
the Bishop of Timisoara, Mojsije Putnik, it was certainly possible to find individuals with
an excellent knowledge of both Serbian and Romanian, irrespective of whether Romanian
was their mother tongue. It seems that the mother tongue of the translator of Dušan’s legislative compendium was Romanian. This is indicated by errors and some misconceived
Serbian words or the syntax. A linguistic study indicates that we are dealing with a text in
which the Muntenian literary variant predominates. The text also contains some elements
typical of northern areas, indicating a different linguistic area – Oltenia. In linguistic terms,
it belongs to the northern linguistic areal, although it is geographically located in the south.
The origin and/or education of the translator are also evidenced by the lexical material: in
450 ДУШАНОВ ЗАКОНИК addition to words that were in general use in Romanian in an earlier period, and apart from those specific to Wallachia, or those known and used both in Wallachia and Moldavia, there are elements typical either of the entire northern Romanian linguistic area, including Oltenia, or one part of it (Banat-Hunedoara and southwestern Transylvania).
Based on a comparison of the Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative
compendium of a later recension with Serbian 18th-century manuscript copies, we have determined that the Serbian prototype of the Romanian translation belonged to the group of
copies represented by the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts of the Code of Emperor Dušan. The
texts translated from Serbian – the Code of Constantine Justinian, the Code of Emperor
Dušan, a digest of a later, the so-called Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon and the introductory section of the Serbian Annals – were copied in the Romanian manuscript in the same
order as in the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts. The systematization and content of the regulations of Emperor Dušan’s Code are the same in the Romanian manuscript and the Serbian prototype. Furthermore, only the Kovilj, Sofia and Romanian manuscripts contain a
special recension of the Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon, i.e. an excerpt containing 94 out
of 230 chapters.The Romanian copy is not a literal translation of the Serbian prototype. Some regulations are omitted, and the numbering and most of the titles from the Code of Emperor
Dušan, as well as all titles from the Penitential Nomokanon, do not appear in the translation. The differences between the two texts are not limited to the sporadic misunderstanding of the meaning of particular words, expressions or the syntactic logic, but are also a result of the translator’s intention to bring some regulations closer to the political, social and
economic circumstances in which the Romanian population in the east of the Habsburg
Empire lived at that time, seeking to make the text easily understandable to them. An impressive feature of the Romanian text is a large share of words of Slavic origin. In most cases,
the lexical corpus of the Romanian language offered to the translator long-established Slavic
loan words, which were used to transmit the corresponding terms from the Serbian text.
The fact that the manuscript copy published in this book was written in Romanian
and that it was possible to identify a Serbian prototype for the translation required a special
editorial approach. Accordingly, this edition presents the texts of the Romanian and Kovilj
copies (with variants from the Sofia copy) juxtaposed on facing pages with their translation
into modern Serbian. The Kovilj copy of the Code of Emperor Dušan and its translation are
taken from the previous, fourth book in this series. The Romanian translation of the Code
of Constantine Justinian from this manuscript has already been published, transcribed in
the Latin alphabet, translated into French and accompanied with critical studies (M. Andréev, G. Cronț, Loi de jugement. Compilation attribuée aux empereurs Constantin et Justinien, versions slave et roumaine, Bucarest 1971). This is the reason why this book contains
only the Code of Emperor Dušan and a digest of the Penitential Nomokanon, which form
a textual whole in both the Serbian prototype and the Romanian translation.
Кључне речи:
Законик цара Стефана Душана / Душанов законик / Codex Imperatoris Stephani Dušan / Romanian manuscript copy of the Code of Emperor Dušan / Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана / Penitential nomokanon / The Code of Emperor Dušan / Епитимијни номоканонИзвор:
2021Издавач:
- Београд : Српска академија наука и уметности
Напомена:
- Извори српског права / Српска академија наука и уметности, Одељење друштвених наука ; бр. 4
TY - BOOK PY - 2021 UR - https://dais.sanu.ac.rs/123456789/14665 AB - By releasing the fifth book in the series The Code of Emperor Dušan, we have completed the publishing of all twenty-six known manuscript copies of Emperor Dušan’s Code. The manuscript containing a Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium of a later recension is held by the Library of the Romanian Academy of Sciences in Bucharest, Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books, Collection of Romanian Manuscripts (Biblioteca Academiei Române, Cabinetul de manuscrise – Carte rară, Fondul românesc) № 3093. It became accessible to scholars after the Library of the Romanian Academy had purchased it from Liviu Tempea, on 24 October 1905. The manuscript, containing 157 pages, was written out by a scribe in cursive Cyrillic, in brown ink. This is a compendium of various compositions: it contains, among other things, legal texts, philosophical treatises, a romance about Alexander the Great, etc. According to a scribe’s note, we learn that the copying of the book was completed on 10 October 1776. However, it is not known whether the composition of the miscellany was defined at that time, or the book was merely copied from an earlier prototype. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether the scribe was at the same time the translator of the Serbian texts included in the manuscript or the copy relies on a draft made by someone else immediately before copying, or in an earlier period. Judging by the content of temporally unrelated notes in the margins of the manuscript, it seems that it was used in the territory of the Orthodox Diocese of Timisoara, which was part of the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci (Karlowitz) and had a relatively dense Romanian-speaking population. Moreover, it is highly probable that it originated in this very area, under Mojsije Putnik, Bishop of Timisoara (1774–1781). The fact that the text of the later recension of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium was copied in the territory of the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci in the 18th century, evidenced by as many as ten preserved Serbian manuscript copies, indicates that the Metropolitans of Sremski Karlovci, as well as the bishops of dioceses with a predominantly Romanian population, sought to make this historical and legal compendium available to Romanians as well. In the circle of the Bishop of Timisoara, Mojsije Putnik, it was certainly possible to find individuals with an excellent knowledge of both Serbian and Romanian, irrespective of whether Romanian was their mother tongue. It seems that the mother tongue of the translator of Dušan’s legislative compendium was Romanian. This is indicated by errors and some misconceived Serbian words or the syntax. A linguistic study indicates that we are dealing with a text in which the Muntenian literary variant predominates. The text also contains some elements typical of northern areas, indicating a different linguistic area – Oltenia. In linguistic terms, it belongs to the northern linguistic areal, although it is geographically located in the south. The origin and/or education of the translator are also evidenced by the lexical material: in 450 ДУШАНОВ ЗАКОНИК addition to words that were in general use in Romanian in an earlier period, and apart from those specific to Wallachia, or those known and used both in Wallachia and Moldavia, there are elements typical either of the entire northern Romanian linguistic area, including Oltenia, or one part of it (Banat-Hunedoara and southwestern Transylvania). Based on a comparison of the Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium of a later recension with Serbian 18th-century manuscript copies, we have determined that the Serbian prototype of the Romanian translation belonged to the group of copies represented by the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts of the Code of Emperor Dušan. The texts translated from Serbian – the Code of Constantine Justinian, the Code of Emperor Dušan, a digest of a later, the so-called Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon and the introductory section of the Serbian Annals – were copied in the Romanian manuscript in the same order as in the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts. The systematization and content of the regulations of Emperor Dušan’s Code are the same in the Romanian manuscript and the Serbian prototype. Furthermore, only the Kovilj, Sofia and Romanian manuscripts contain a special recension of the Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon, i.e. an excerpt containing 94 out of 230 chapters.The Romanian copy is not a literal translation of the Serbian prototype. Some regulations are omitted, and the numbering and most of the titles from the Code of Emperor Dušan, as well as all titles from the Penitential Nomokanon, do not appear in the translation. The differences between the two texts are not limited to the sporadic misunderstanding of the meaning of particular words, expressions or the syntactic logic, but are also a result of the translator’s intention to bring some regulations closer to the political, social and economic circumstances in which the Romanian population in the east of the Habsburg Empire lived at that time, seeking to make the text easily understandable to them. An impressive feature of the Romanian text is a large share of words of Slavic origin. In most cases, the lexical corpus of the Romanian language offered to the translator long-established Slavic loan words, which were used to transmit the corresponding terms from the Serbian text. The fact that the manuscript copy published in this book was written in Romanian and that it was possible to identify a Serbian prototype for the translation required a special editorial approach. Accordingly, this edition presents the texts of the Romanian and Kovilj copies (with variants from the Sofia copy) juxtaposed on facing pages with their translation into modern Serbian. The Kovilj copy of the Code of Emperor Dušan and its translation are taken from the previous, fourth book in this series. The Romanian translation of the Code of Constantine Justinian from this manuscript has already been published, transcribed in the Latin alphabet, translated into French and accompanied with critical studies (M. Andréev, G. Cronț, Loi de jugement. Compilation attribuée aux empereurs Constantin et Justinien, versions slave et roumaine, Bucarest 1971). This is the reason why this book contains only the Code of Emperor Dušan and a digest of the Penitential Nomokanon, which form a textual whole in both the Serbian prototype and the Romanian translation. PB - Београд : Српска академија наука и уметности T1 - Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776) T1 - Codex Imperatoris Stephani Dušan UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14665 ER -
@book{ year = "2021", abstract = "By releasing the fifth book in the series The Code of Emperor Dušan, we have completed the publishing of all twenty-six known manuscript copies of Emperor Dušan’s Code. The manuscript containing a Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium of a later recension is held by the Library of the Romanian Academy of Sciences in Bucharest, Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books, Collection of Romanian Manuscripts (Biblioteca Academiei Române, Cabinetul de manuscrise – Carte rară, Fondul românesc) № 3093. It became accessible to scholars after the Library of the Romanian Academy had purchased it from Liviu Tempea, on 24 October 1905. The manuscript, containing 157 pages, was written out by a scribe in cursive Cyrillic, in brown ink. This is a compendium of various compositions: it contains, among other things, legal texts, philosophical treatises, a romance about Alexander the Great, etc. According to a scribe’s note, we learn that the copying of the book was completed on 10 October 1776. However, it is not known whether the composition of the miscellany was defined at that time, or the book was merely copied from an earlier prototype. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether the scribe was at the same time the translator of the Serbian texts included in the manuscript or the copy relies on a draft made by someone else immediately before copying, or in an earlier period. Judging by the content of temporally unrelated notes in the margins of the manuscript, it seems that it was used in the territory of the Orthodox Diocese of Timisoara, which was part of the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci (Karlowitz) and had a relatively dense Romanian-speaking population. Moreover, it is highly probable that it originated in this very area, under Mojsije Putnik, Bishop of Timisoara (1774–1781). The fact that the text of the later recension of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium was copied in the territory of the Metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci in the 18th century, evidenced by as many as ten preserved Serbian manuscript copies, indicates that the Metropolitans of Sremski Karlovci, as well as the bishops of dioceses with a predominantly Romanian population, sought to make this historical and legal compendium available to Romanians as well. In the circle of the Bishop of Timisoara, Mojsije Putnik, it was certainly possible to find individuals with an excellent knowledge of both Serbian and Romanian, irrespective of whether Romanian was their mother tongue. It seems that the mother tongue of the translator of Dušan’s legislative compendium was Romanian. This is indicated by errors and some misconceived Serbian words or the syntax. A linguistic study indicates that we are dealing with a text in which the Muntenian literary variant predominates. The text also contains some elements typical of northern areas, indicating a different linguistic area – Oltenia. In linguistic terms, it belongs to the northern linguistic areal, although it is geographically located in the south. The origin and/or education of the translator are also evidenced by the lexical material: in 450 ДУШАНОВ ЗАКОНИК addition to words that were in general use in Romanian in an earlier period, and apart from those specific to Wallachia, or those known and used both in Wallachia and Moldavia, there are elements typical either of the entire northern Romanian linguistic area, including Oltenia, or one part of it (Banat-Hunedoara and southwestern Transylvania). Based on a comparison of the Romanian translation of Emperor Dušan’s legislative compendium of a later recension with Serbian 18th-century manuscript copies, we have determined that the Serbian prototype of the Romanian translation belonged to the group of copies represented by the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts of the Code of Emperor Dušan. The texts translated from Serbian – the Code of Constantine Justinian, the Code of Emperor Dušan, a digest of a later, the so-called Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon and the introductory section of the Serbian Annals – were copied in the Romanian manuscript in the same order as in the Kovilj and Sofia manuscripts. The systematization and content of the regulations of Emperor Dušan’s Code are the same in the Romanian manuscript and the Serbian prototype. Furthermore, only the Kovilj, Sofia and Romanian manuscripts contain a special recension of the Pavlov’s Penitential Nomokanon, i.e. an excerpt containing 94 out of 230 chapters.The Romanian copy is not a literal translation of the Serbian prototype. Some regulations are omitted, and the numbering and most of the titles from the Code of Emperor Dušan, as well as all titles from the Penitential Nomokanon, do not appear in the translation. The differences between the two texts are not limited to the sporadic misunderstanding of the meaning of particular words, expressions or the syntactic logic, but are also a result of the translator’s intention to bring some regulations closer to the political, social and economic circumstances in which the Romanian population in the east of the Habsburg Empire lived at that time, seeking to make the text easily understandable to them. An impressive feature of the Romanian text is a large share of words of Slavic origin. In most cases, the lexical corpus of the Romanian language offered to the translator long-established Slavic loan words, which were used to transmit the corresponding terms from the Serbian text. The fact that the manuscript copy published in this book was written in Romanian and that it was possible to identify a Serbian prototype for the translation required a special editorial approach. Accordingly, this edition presents the texts of the Romanian and Kovilj copies (with variants from the Sofia copy) juxtaposed on facing pages with their translation into modern Serbian. The Kovilj copy of the Code of Emperor Dušan and its translation are taken from the previous, fourth book in this series. The Romanian translation of the Code of Constantine Justinian from this manuscript has already been published, transcribed in the Latin alphabet, translated into French and accompanied with critical studies (M. Andréev, G. Cronț, Loi de jugement. Compilation attribuée aux empereurs Constantin et Justinien, versions slave et roumaine, Bucarest 1971). This is the reason why this book contains only the Code of Emperor Dušan and a digest of the Penitential Nomokanon, which form a textual whole in both the Serbian prototype and the Romanian translation.", publisher = "Београд : Српска академија наука и уметности", title = "Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776), Codex Imperatoris Stephani Dušan", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14665" }
(2021). Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776). Београд : Српска академија наука и уметности.. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14665
Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776). 2021;. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14665 .
"Законик цара Стефана Душана. Књ. 5, Румунски превод Законика цара Стефана Душана и Епитимијног номоканона (1776)" (2021), https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_dais_14665 .