Инструментал у говору Горње Ресаве – наслеђе и иновације

Abstract

У раду се, на основу рукописа Милоша Ивковића о горњоресавском говору (1911), монографије Ресавски говор Асима Пеце и Бранислава Милановића (1968), грађе коју је аутор рада снимио током 2012. године у Горњој Ресави, као и још неколиких извора, прати статус инструментала у говору Горње Ресаве за протеклих сто година. Задатак рада је да утврди да ли се, у коликој мери и у ком облику чува инструментал у овом говору и у којој мери се шири аналитичка, предлошко-акузативна конструкција на рачун инструментала.

Based on the manuscript of Miloš Ivković on the speech of Upper Resava (1911), the monograph Resavski Govor (The Resava Speech) by Asim Peco and Branislav Milanović (1968), the materials taped by the this paper traces the status of the instrumental case in the speech of Upper Resava, with particular regard to masculine and neuter nouns. According to the manuscript of M. Ivković, in the instrumental singular of the masculine and neuter genders, the ending -em is generalized regardless of the last consonant in the stem (ocem, štapem; cvećem, vinem). In the folk tales collected in this region by Ivković in the early 20th century, we encounter the examples sinom, konjem, but also stricom, lebem, as well as analytical structures such as sas tog čoveka. According to Peco and Milanović, the case ending -om is used parallelly with the ending -em, while examples such as sa Milána or sa kȍnja are not infrequent. The materials collected by the author of this paper show that among elderly population, the instrumental singular forms of masculine and neuter nouns with both types of stems mostly end in -em (sa ocem, s lebem), while the middle and younger generations make distinction between the stems (s ocem, s čovekom), which reflects the influence of the literary language. According to our material, at the beginning of the 21st century, analytical constructions (s autobus, sa muža, as well as pred crkvu, pod krušku etc.) are considerably more frequent than indicated by the earlier sources.